How to get this space away?

How to get this space away?

[Laurent]

Hi

My little program is slowly generating something which looks like the communication file I need.

The only problem is that if the values I use are of the type integer I get a leading space I don't want/need. I have no idea where it comes from or how to get rid of it in this case.

Standart Integer_IO would be Width=>0 and problem solved but here?

rtAST-N237|rr 12345678|t1 1|o1strpne|ra|a1am|a3<=2|a4+| 
                     ^-------------^

The function which generates this string:

   --------------
   -- To_BCI --
   --------------
   function To_BCI (Item : Carte) return V_String.Bounded_String is
      V_Antibiotiques : V_String.Bounded_String;
      V_Carte         : V_String.Bounded_String;
      V_Germe         : V_String.Bounded_String;
      use V_String;
   begin

-- generates the |rr 12345678 par; Lot is a Positive
      V_Carte := ((+"|ta|rt") & (+Item.Code_SIL) & (+"|rr") & (+Item.Lot'Img)); 

-- generates the |t1 1|o1strpne part
      V_Germe := Germes.IO.To_BCI (Item.Germe); 
      V_String.Append(Source => V_Carte,New_Item => V_Germe);

      for Counter in 1 .. Item.Anti_Counter loop
         V_Antibiotiques := Antibiotiques.IO.To_BCI (Item.Antibiotiques (Counter));
         V_String.Append (Source   => V_Carte, New_Item => V_Antibiotiques);
      end loop;
      return V_Carte;
   end To_BCI;

Thanks

Laurent

        

Re: How to get this space away?

[Simon Wright]

Laurent <daemon2@internet.lu> writes:

> The only problem is that if the values I use are of the type integer I
> get a leading space I don't want/need. I have no idea where it comes
> from or how to get rid of it in this case.

You've used Foo'Img, which here is the same as Integer'Image (Foo), and
which always, unavoidably, provides a leading space for positive numbers.

You've provided something like

   function "+" (R : String) return Bounded_String
     renames To_Bounded_String;

and instead you need to provide something like

   function "+" (R : String) return Bounded_String is
   begin
      return To_Bounded_String
        (Ada.Strings.Fixed.Trim (R, Ada.Strings.Both));
   end "+";

Re: How to get this space away?

[Jeffrey R. Carter]

On 06/02/2015 01:32 PM, Laurent wrote:
> 
> rtAST-N237|rr 12345678|t1 1|o1strpne|ra|a1am|a3<=2|a4+| 
>                      ^-------------^
> The function which generates this string:
> 
>    --------------
>    -- To_BCI --
>    --------------
>    function To_BCI (Item : Carte) return V_String.Bounded_String is
>       V_Antibiotiques : V_String.Bounded_String;
>       V_Carte         : V_String.Bounded_String;
>       V_Germe         : V_String.Bounded_String;
>       use V_String;
>    begin
> 
> -- generates the |rr 12345678 par; Lot is a Positive
>       V_Carte := ((+"|ta|rt") & (+Item.Code_SIL) & (+"|rr") & (+Item.Lot'Img)); 

'Img is GNAT-specific attribute that is equivalent for T'Image (Object), where T
is the type of Object. Since you say Lot is a Positive, that means Item.Lot'Img
is equivalent to Integer'Image (Item.Lot). 'Image always adds a leading space
for a non-negative value. Nobody seems to like it, but the ARG won't change it.

You can get rid of the space yourself, or you could use something like
PragmARC.Images that gives you control over width, base, and zero filling.

The PragmAda Reusable Components are available from

https://pragmada.x10hosting.com/pragmarc.htm

-- 
Jeff Carter
"Frankie Wolf, wanted by Federal authorities for
dancing with a mailman."
Take the Money and Run
143

Re: How to get this space away?

[Dmitry A. Kazakov]

On Tue, 2 Jun 2015 13:32:42 -0700 (PDT), Laurent wrote:

> My little program is slowly generating something which looks like the
> communication file I need.

How long are the strings involved? Your code does a lot of shuffling
strings here and there when strings are return values. GNAT wasn't very
good at optimizations of this kind, last time I looked. That is
increasingly inefficient with long strings. You could consider doing string
formatting in-place.

-- 
Regards,
Dmitry A. Kazakov
http://www.dmitry-kazakov.de

Re: How to get this space away?

[Laurent]

On Tuesday, June 2, 2015 at 10:53:30 PM UTC+2, Simon Wright wrote:

> and instead you need to provide something like
> 
>    function "+" (R : String) return Bounded_String is
>    begin
>       return To_Bounded_String
>         (Ada.Strings.Fixed.Trim (R, Ada.Strings.Both));
>    end "+";

Thanks that works. Just don't understand the detour via fixed strings and the Ada.Strings.Both

Laurent

Re: How to get this space away?

[Laurent]

On Wednesday, June 3, 2015 at 12:28:34 AM UTC+2, Jeffrey R. Carter wrote:

>'Image always adds a leading space
> for a non-negative value. Nobody seems to like it, but the ARG won't change it.

Does the ARG give a reason for not wanting to change it? Does that mean that in the
case of a negative value you have to add it yourself? Doesn't really make sense.

> You can get rid of the space yourself,

Hm no. Then I don't need to write a program. I could then as well murdoch the file from the analyzer's pc and toy around with it. But then I don't need to spend time trying to learn/understand programming.

> or you could use something like
> PragmARC.Images that gives you control over width, base, and zero filling.
> 
> The PragmAda Reusable Components are available from
> 
> https://pragmada.x10hosting.com/pragmarc.htm

Thanks. I have downloaded it. Will take a look at it when time permits.

Laurent

Re: How to get this space away?

[Laurent]

On Wednesday, June 3, 2015 at 9:28:26 AM UTC+2, Dmitry A. Kazakov wrote:

> My little program is slowly generating something which looks like the
> communication file I need.

With this sentence I actually tried to say that it took me quite some time/effort to get to the point that my program is doing what I want it to do.

Not always a good idea to translate sentences from ones native language into someone else. 

> How long are the strings involved? Your code does a lot of shuffling
> strings here and there when strings are return values. GNAT wasn't very
> good at optimizations of this kind, last time I looked. That is
> increasingly inefficient with long strings. You could consider doing string
> formatting in-place.

I had to increase the length of the V_String to 512 so that the desired final string fits. Just stupid that I use the same V_string to store the SIL_Code and a few other things which are only 6 chars long. Not very efficient.

I could as well immediately write the values into the text file instead of glueing everything together and then writing it.

The program itself is fast. After hitting enter in the terminal the result appears instantly.
Before that it has to read the configuration from 3 different files, put it in the corresponding arrays and do some other operations before it actually generates the string with the result.

Thanks

Laurent

Re: How to get this space away?

[Simon Wright]

Laurent <daemon2@internet.lu> writes:

> On Tuesday, June 2, 2015 at 10:53:30 PM UTC+2, Simon Wright wrote:
>
>> and instead you need to provide something like
>> 
>>    function "+" (R : String) return Bounded_String is
>>    begin
>>       return To_Bounded_String
>>         (Ada.Strings.Fixed.Trim (R, Ada.Strings.Both));
>>    end "+";
>
> Thanks that works. Just don't understand the detour via fixed strings
> and the Ada.Strings.Both

R is a fixed-length string, so the corresponding string operations are
in Ada.Strings.Fixed.

For Ada.Strings.Fixed.Trim see ARM A.4.3(89) [1].

There are also Trims for Bounded and Unbounded strings, which is why
Both is declared in Ada.Strings. I think trimming the fixed string R to
start with may well be the more efficient, but I haven't checked.

[1] http://www.ada-auth.org/standards/12rm/html/RM-A-4-3.html#p89

Re: How to get this space away?

[J-P. Rosen]

Le 03/06/2015 21:07, Laurent a écrit :
> On Wednesday, June 3, 2015 at 12:28:34 AM UTC+2, Jeffrey R. Carter wrote:
> 
>> >'Image always adds a leading space
>> > for a non-negative value. Nobody seems to like it, but the ARG won't change it.
> Does the ARG give a reason for not wanting to change it? Does that mean that in the
> case of a negative value you have to add it yourself? Doesn't really make sense.
> 
This dates back to Ada83. The initial idea was that a positive number
and its opposite (negative) number should have the same number of
characters. Forcing a '+' to all positive number would not have been
pretty, so the design team chose to put a space for positive numbers
(negative numbers just have an initial '-').

At first, it looked like a good idea, especially since 'Image was not
intended to be used extensively, but just for debugging purposes. For
IOs, people are supposed to use Text_IO, which provides all the desired
formatting. In practice, it turned out to be a bad idea, and lots of
programs have some functions to remove the initial space - and now,
changing that would break all these programs. And the ARG is very picky
about upward compatibility.

The only possibility would be to define a new attribute. Small effort,
small value.

-- 
J-P. Rosen
Adalog
2 rue du Docteur Lombard, 92441 Issy-les-Moulineaux CEDEX
Tel: +33 1 45 29 21 52, Fax: +33 1 45 29 25 00
http://www.adalog.fr

Re: How to get this space away?

[Randy Brukardt]

[-- Warning: decoded text below may be mangled, UTF-8 assumed --]
[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 2216 bytes --]

"J-P. Rosen" <rosen@adalog.fr> wrote in message 
news:mknp7j$4s1$1@dont-email.me...
> Le 03/06/2015 21:07, Laurent a écrit :
>> On Wednesday, June 3, 2015 at 12:28:34 AM UTC+2, Jeffrey R. Carter wrote:
>>
>>> >'Image always adds a leading space
>>> > for a non-negative value. Nobody seems to like it, but the ARG won't 
>>> > change it.
>> Does the ARG give a reason for not wanting to change it? Does that mean 
>> that in the
>> case of a negative value you have to add it yourself? Doesn't really make 
>> sense.
>>
> This dates back to Ada83. The initial idea was that a positive number
> and its opposite (negative) number should have the same number of
> characters. Forcing a '+' to all positive number would not have been
> pretty, so the design team chose to put a space for positive numbers
> (negative numbers just have an initial '-').
>
> At first, it looked like a good idea, especially since 'Image was not
> intended to be used extensively, but just for debugging purposes. For
> IOs, people are supposed to use Text_IO, which provides all the desired
> formatting. In practice, it turned out to be a bad idea, and lots of
> programs have some functions to remove the initial space - and now,
> changing that would break all these programs. And the ARG is very picky
> about upward compatibility.

"all these programs" should be "most of these programs". Programs using 
Trim, as Jeff suggested, won't break.

But my code does a lot of this:

    declare
        Img : constant String := Natural'Image(Something);
    begin
        Log ("Something out of range; Something=" & Img(2..Img'Last));
    end;

and that would break horribly if the space was removed.

The upcoming Corrigendum adds Obj'Image (The GNAT 'Img is used so much that 
it seems silly to not make it part of the standard); we spent a few minutes 
discussing that leading space, but eventually we decided that taking it out 
would be just as confusing (to experts) as leaving it in is (to novices).

> The only possibility would be to define a new attribute. Small effort,
> small value.

Right, and the effort (in the Standard and especially for implementers) 
probably outweights the value.

                           Randy.

Re: How to get this space away?

[Georg Bauhaus]

On 03.06.15 22:50, J-P. Rosen wrote:
> Le 03/06/2015 21:07, Laurent a écrit :
>> On Wednesday, June 3, 2015 at 12:28:34 AM UTC+2, Jeffrey R. Carter wrote:
>>
>>>> 'Image always adds a leading space
>
> This dates back to Ada83. The initial idea was that a positive number
> and its opposite (negative) number should have the same number of
> characters.

Since 'Image and 'Width go together, would there be a choice?

> In practice, it turned out to be a bad idea,  (...)
> The only possibility would be to define a new attribute. Small effort,
> small value.

Ada could stop supporting 'Image entirely, and instead create

   Annex F.4, Edited Output for Integer Types

If 'Image was intended for debugging purposes, It is quite obvious
that 'Image keeps being misused. But:

  I/O is what we are payed for.
  I/O is the raison d'être of programming.

So, please, stop helping programmers evade proper I/O.
So many languages have made everyone suffer from poorly
defined I/O facilities, in effect making everyone use I/O
facilities developed "for teaching", or, in case of Ada,
for debugging.

Re: How to get this space away?

[Dmitry A. Kazakov]

On Thu, 04 Jun 2015 11:37:41 +0200, Georg Bauhaus wrote:

> Ada could stop supporting 'Image entirely, and instead create
> 
>    Annex F.4, Edited Output for Integer Types
> 
> If 'Image was intended for debugging purposes, It is quite obvious
> that 'Image keeps being misused. But:
> 
>   I/O is what we are payed for.
>   I/O is the raison d'être of programming.
>
> So, please, stop helping programmers evade proper I/O.

There are two use cases actually. Output is one, conversion is another.
There must be always four operations:

   Get, Value, Put, Image

Note also that there is a second important player here, the container type.
When you compare 'Image with output you do apples and oranges.

The container for 'Image is String. The container for Put is File_Type.
They are not same. Granted 'Image returning a new file would be useless,
but still. Output into a String is a hell how useful.

BTW, the container for the 'Output attribute is a stream, and you would
need one for Stream_Element_Array as well.

As you see it is much more rich than you wrote.

-- 
Regards,
Dmitry A. Kazakov
http://www.dmitry-kazakov.de

Re: How to get this space away?

[Stephen Davies]

On Thursday, 4 June 2015 00:00:56 UTC+1, Randy Brukardt wrote:
> "J-P. Rosen" wrote in message 
> > This dates back to Ada83. The initial idea was that a positive number
> > and its opposite (negative) number should have the same number of
> > characters. Forcing a '+' to all positive number would not have been
> > pretty, so the design team chose to put a space for positive numbers
> > (negative numbers just have an initial '-').
> >
> > At first, it looked like a good idea, especially since 'Image was not
> > intended to be used extensively, but just for debugging purposes. For
> > IOs, people are supposed to use Text_IO, which provides all the desired
> > formatting. In practice, it turned out to be a bad idea, and lots of
> > programs have some functions to remove the initial space - and now,
> > changing that would break all these programs. And the ARG is very picky
> > about upward compatibility.
> 
> "all these programs" should be "most of these programs". Programs using 
> Trim, as Jeff suggested, won't break.
> 
> But my code does a lot of this:
> 
>     declare
>         Img : constant String := Natural'Image(Something);
>     begin
>         Log ("Something out of range; Something=" & Img(2..Img'Last));
>     end;
> 
> and that would break horribly if the space was removed.
> 
> The upcoming Corrigendum adds Obj'Image (The GNAT 'Img is used so much that 
> it seems silly to not make it part of the standard); we spent a few minutes 
> discussing that leading space, but eventually we decided that taking it out 
> would be just as confusing (to experts) as leaving it in is (to novices).
> 
> > The only possibility would be to define a new attribute. Small effort,
> > small value.
> 
> Right, and the effort (in the Standard and especially for implementers) 
> probably outweights the value.

I think that probably almost every Ada programmer has had to work around
the leading space from 'Image at some point. Would it really be that hard
to add one of the following to either overload or replace it, respectively?

function S'Image (Arg : S'Base; Width : Natural) return String

function S'Image (Arg : S'Base; Width : Integer := -1) return String

Re: How to get this space away?

[Laurent]

On Wednesday, June 3, 2015 at 10:50:07 PM UTC+2, J-P. Rosen wrote:

> This dates back to Ada83. The initial idea was that a positive number
> and its opposite (negative) number should have the same number of
> characters. Forcing a '+' to all positive number would not have been
> pretty, so the design team chose to put a space for positive numbers
> (negative numbers just have an initial '-').

I won't argue about the ARG's wisdom or their choices but for me it still
doesn't make sense. If I want to display a number (positive or negative, int,
 float, or whatever) in a string I always want it to be separated by a space. 
But then using the I/O package I have the choice to do so. The 'img looks
in this case only 1/2 finished.

Remembers me the solutions that my boss and his followers develop:
Don't solve the original problem, "just" add more crap around and have the personal
get along with it.

Oh your car has no breaks, well you "just"can use your feet to stop.

I was actually using 'Img because it was rather convenient to do the output in one
line.

I have now added a procedure which written the results directly to the file.
Prefer this way than reserving memory for something I don't need. Not that I
need to pay attention to this but it simply doesn't feel right.

Thanks

Laurent 

Re: How to get this space away?

[Dennis Lee Bieber]

On Fri, 5 Jun 2015 06:02:35 -0700 (PDT), Laurent <daemon2@internet.lu>
declaimed the following:

>On Wednesday, June 3, 2015 at 10:50:07 PM UTC+2, J-P. Rosen wrote:
>
>> This dates back to Ada83. The initial idea was that a positive number
>> and its opposite (negative) number should have the same number of
>> characters. Forcing a '+' to all positive number would not have been
>> pretty, so the design team chose to put a space for positive numbers
>> (negative numbers just have an initial '-').
>
>I won't argue about the ARG's wisdom or their choices but for me it still
>doesn't make sense. If I want to display a number (positive or negative, int,
> float, or whatever) in a string I always want it to be separated by a space.

	I suspect it is a carryover from pretty much most of the ancestral
languages. All the ones I learned on use one position for the sign, and
tend to suppress the "+" by using a space character.

	Granted those were formatted output conversions, not generic "print"
conversions. Nor where they modern scripting type languages.
-- 
	Wulfraed                 Dennis Lee Bieber         AF6VN
    wlfraed@ix.netcom.com    HTTP://wlfraed.home.netcom.com/

Re: How to get this space away?

[Brad Moore]

On 2015-06-03 05:00 PM, Randy Brukardt wrote:
> "J-P. Rosen" <rosen@adalog.fr> wrote in message
> news:mknp7j$4s1$1@dont-email.me...
>> Le 03/06/2015 21:07, Laurent a écrit :
>>> On Wednesday, June 3, 2015 at 12:28:34 AM UTC+2, Jeffrey R. Carter wrote:
>>>
>>>>> 'Image always adds a leading space
>>>>> for a non-negative value. Nobody seems to like it, but the ARG won't
>>>>> change it.
>>> Does the ARG give a reason for not wanting to change it? Does that mean
>>> that in the
>>> case of a negative value you have to add it yourself? Doesn't really make
>>> sense.
>>>
>> This dates back to Ada83. The initial idea was that a positive number
>> and its opposite (negative) number should have the same number of
>> characters. Forcing a '+' to all positive number would not have been
>> pretty, so the design team chose to put a space for positive numbers
>> (negative numbers just have an initial '-').

Note that this behaviour was further reinforced in Ada95, when modular types
were introduced. However, in this case, the explanation doesn't quite work,
since modular types are never negative, and thus also should rarely need
to be seen with a '+' sign either. I suspect the leading space was kept for
consistency with signed types in this case.

>>
>> At first, it looked like a good idea, especially since 'Image was not
>> intended to be used extensively, but just for debugging purposes. For
>> IOs, people are supposed to use Text_IO, which provides all the desired
>> formatting. In practice, it turned out to be a bad idea, and lots of
>> programs have some functions to remove the initial space - and now,
>> changing that would break all these programs. And the ARG is very picky
>> about upward compatibility.
>
> "all these programs" should be "most of these programs". Programs using
> Trim, as Jeff suggested, won't break.
>
> But my code does a lot of this:
>
>      declare
>          Img : constant String := Natural'Image(Something);
>      begin
>          Log ("Something out of range; Something=" & Img(2..Img'Last));
>      end;
>
> and that would break horribly if the space was removed.
>
> The upcoming Corrigendum adds Obj'Image (The GNAT 'Img is used so much that
> it seems silly to not make it part of the standard); we spent a few minutes
> discussing that leading space, but eventually we decided that taking it out
> would be just as confusing (to experts) as leaving it in is (to novices).
>
>> The only possibility would be to define a new attribute. Small effort,
>> small value.

I think another possibility would be to define an aspect which could be applied to a subtype.

eg.

    subtype My_Positive is Positive with Short_Image;

The implication would be that the Short_Image aspect cause 'Image to eliminate the leading space for that subtype.
If this is workable, it strikes me as being easier to fit into the language than introducing another attribute.


>
> Right, and the effort (in the Standard and especially for implementers)
> probably outweights the value.

Try formatting 4 unsigned byte values as an quad dot IP address string, for example.
Something that can be easily expressed in another language such as C in one line of code is very awkward and ugly to write in Ada.

Brad

Re: How to get this space away?

[Randy Brukardt]

"Brad Moore" <brad.moore@shaw.ca> wrote in message 
news:BYfdx.40257$ic6.28837@fx17.iad...
> On 2015-06-03 05:00 PM, Randy Brukardt wrote:
...
>> Right, and the effort (in the Standard and especially for implementers)
>> probably outweights the value.
>
> Try formatting 4 unsigned byte values as an quad dot IP address string, 
> for example.
> Something that can be easily expressed in another language such as C in 
> one line of code is very awkward and ugly to write in Ada.

It's not *that* awkward. Since 'Image has to return a string that 'First = 
1, the following works fine (7 lines, well-formatted, could be less - 
assuming the parts are declared as bytes appropriately as they are in 
Claw.Sockets):

declare
    A_Img : constant String := Byte'Image(IP.A);
    B_Img : constant String := Byte'Image(IP.B);
    C_Img : constant String := Byte'Image(IP.C);
    D_Img : constant String := Byte'Image(IP.D);
begin
    Put (A_Img(2..A_Img'Last) & '.' & B_Img(2..B_Img'Last) & '.' & 
C_Img(2..C_Img'Last) & '.' & C_Img(2..C_Img'Last);
end;

And of course such a thing should be a subprogram (in any language) because 
you're going to use it enough (at least for debugging) that repeating it is 
silly.

Now, if you prefer to have each part to take up three characters with 
leading zeros except for the first (so they're all the same length) --  
that'll take a bit more than a handful of lines in Ada. Ada's formatting is 
primitive, except in the rarely thought of Annex F (does anyone use that?).

                                        Randy.

Re: How to get this space away?

[Jeffrey R. Carter]

On 06/08/2015 12:47 PM, Randy Brukardt wrote:
> 
> declare
>     A_Img : constant String := Byte'Image(IP.A);
>     B_Img : constant String := Byte'Image(IP.B);
>     C_Img : constant String := Byte'Image(IP.C);
>     D_Img : constant String := Byte'Image(IP.D);
> begin
>     Put (A_Img(2..A_Img'Last) & '.' & B_Img(2..B_Img'Last) & '.' & 
> C_Img(2..C_Img'Last) & '.' & C_Img(2..C_Img'Last);
> end;

I think you have C_Img in there twice.

> Now, if you prefer to have each part to take up three characters with 
> leading zeros except for the first (so they're all the same length) --  
> that'll take a bit more than a handful of lines in Ada. Ada's formatting is 
> primitive, except in the rarely thought of Annex F (does anyone use that?).

Presuming that "except for the first" means that IP.A should take up the minimum
number of characters, as above:

declare
   function Image is new PragmARC.Images.Modular_Image (Number => Byte);
begin
   Put (Image (IP.A)                                  & '.' &
        Image (IP.B, Width => 3, Zero_Filled => True) & '.' &
        Image (IP.C, Width => 3, Zero_Filled => True) & '.' &
        Image (IP.D, Width => 3, Zero_Filled => True) );
end;

And if you want IP.A to be 3 characters, zero filled, that's easy, too.

-- 
Jeff Carter
"This scene's supposed to be in a saloon, but
the censor cut it out. It'll play just as well
this way." [in a soda fountain]
Never Give a Sucker an Even Break
113

Re: How to get this space away?

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IMPORTANT: This is not a rip-off!!! It is not illegal!!! ? It is
almost entirely risk free and it really works!!! If all of the
following instructions are adhered to, you will receive extraordinary
dividends!!!

Please note: Follow these directions EXACTLY, and $60,000.00 or more
can be yours in 20 to 90 days!!! This program remains successful
because of the honesty and the integrity of the participants!!! Please
continue its success by carefully adhering to the instructions.

You will now become part of the mail order business. In this business
your product is not solid or tangible, it is a service. You are in the
business of developing mailing lists. Many large corporations are
happy to pay big bucks for quality lists. However, the money made from
a mailing list is secondary to the income which is made from people
like you and me asking to be included on your mailing list!!!

Here are the 4 easy steps to success:-

Step 1:- Get 6 separate pieces of paper and write the following on
each piece of paper.

PLEASE PUT ME ON YOUR MAILING LIST

Now get 6 U.S. dollar bills and place ONE inside each of the 6 pieces
of paper so the bills will not be seen through the envelopes (to
prevent mail theft). Next, place one paper in each of the 6 envelopes
and seal them, you should now have 6 sealed envelopes. Each with a
piece of paper stating the above phrase, your name and address, and a
$1.00 bill.

THIS IS ABSOLUTELY LEGAL!!! YOU ARE REQUESTING A LEGITIMATE SERVICE
AND YOU ARE PAYING FOR IT!!!

Like most of us, I was a little skeptical and a little worried about
the legal aspect of it all. So I checked it out with the U.S. Postal
Service and they confirmed that it is indeed legal!!!

Mail the 6 envelopes to the following addresses:-
D. Kumar
Room 2.36 Burkhardt House
Oxford Place, Victoria Park
M14 5RR Manchester
ENGLAND

T. Perce
11505 Headley Avenue
Cleveland, Oh 44111

T. Beckers
Rijksweg 46
6267AH Cadier en Keer
The Netherlands

J. Eddolls
144 Pursey Drive
Bradley Stoke
Bristol
BS32 8DP
United Kingdom

Louis Joseph
1933 Highway 35, #104
Wall, NJ 07719

Jesse Quiroz
2845 Franklin #1001 
Mesquite, Texas 75150

Step 2:- Now take the #1 name off the list that you see above, move
the other names up (6 becomes 5, 5 becomes 4, etc.) and add your name
as number 6 on the list.

Step 3:- Change anything you need to, but try to keep this message as
close to what you see as possible. Now, post your amended message to
at least 200 news groups. I think there are close to 24,000 groups!!!
All you need is 200, but remember, the more you post, the more money
you make!!! This is perfectly legal!! If you have any doubts, refer to
Title18 Sec. 1302 & 1341 of the postal lottery laws. Keep a copy of
these steps for yourself and whenever you need money, you can use it
again.

Please remember that this program remains successful because of the
honesty and the integrity of the participants and by their carefully
adhering to the directions!!!

Look at it this way. If you are of integrity, the program will
continue and the money that so many others have received will come
your way!!!

Note: - You may want to retain every name and address sent to you,
either on your computer or hard copy and keep the notes people send
you. This verifies that you are truly providing a service. Also, it
might be a good Idea to wrap the $1 bills in dark paper to reduce the
risk of mail theft.

So, as each post is downloaded and the directions carefully followed,
six members will be reimbursed for their participation as a list
developer with one dollar each. Your name will move up the list
geometrically so that when your name reaches the #1 position, you will
be receiving thousands of dollars in cash!!! What an opportunity for
only $6.00!!! ($1.00 for each of the first six people listed above).

Send it now, add your own name to the list and your in business!!!


DIRECTIONS FOR HOW TO POST TO A NEWS GROUP!!!

Step 1:- You do not need to re-type this entire message to do your own
posting. Simply put your cursor at the beginning of this message and
drag your cursor to the bottom of this message and select copy from
the edit menu. This will copy the entire message into the computer
memory.

Step 2:- Open a blank note pad file and place your cursor at the top
of the blank page. From the edit menu select paste. This will paste a
copy of the message into notepad so that you can add your name to the
list.

Step 3:- Save your new notepad file as a txt file. If you want to do
your posting in a different setting, you'll always have this file to
go back to.

Step 4:- Use Netscape or Internet Explorer and try searching for
various news groups (on-line forums, message boards, chat sites,
discussions, etc.)

Step 5:- Visit these message boards and post this message as a new
message by highlighting the text of this message from your notepad and
selecting paste from the edit menu. Fill in the subject, this will be
the header that everybody sees as they scroll through the list of
postings in a particular group. Click the post message button. You've
done your first one! Congratulations!!! All you have to do is jump to
different news groups and post away, after you get the hang of it, it
will take about 30 seconds for each news group!

REMEMBER, THE MORE NEWS GROUPS YOU POST IN, THE MORE MONEY YOU WILL
MAKE!!! (But you have to post a minimum of 200).

That's it!!! You will begin receiving money from around the world
within days!!! You may eventually want to rent a P.O. Box due to the
large amount of mail you will receive. If you wish to stay anonymous,
you can invent a name to use, as long as the postman will deliver it.

JUST MAKE SURE ALL THE ADDRESSES ARE CORRECT!!!

Now the why part. Out of 200 postings, say you receive only 5 replies
(a very low example). So then you made $5.00 with your name at #6 on
the letter. Now, each of the 5 persons who sent you $1.00 make the
minimum 200 postings, each with your name at #5 and only 5 persons
respond to each of the original 5, that is another $25.00 for you. Now
those 25 each make 200 MINIMUM posts with your name at #4 and only 5
replies each, you will bring in an additional $125.00!!! Now, those
125 persons turn around and post the minimum 200 with your name at #3
and only receive 5 replies each, you will make an additional
$625.00!!! OK, now here is the fun part, each of those 625 persons
post a minimum 200 messages with your name at #2 and they each only
receive 5 replies, that
just made you $3,125.00!!! Those 3,125 persons will all deliver this
message to 200 news groups. If just 5 more reply you will receive
$15,625.00!!! All with an original investment of only $6.00!!! Amazing
isn't it!!!! When your name is no longer on the list, you just take
the latest posting in the news groups and send out another $6.00 to
the names on the list, putting your name at number 6 again.

You must realize that thousands of people all over the world are
joining the internet and reading these messages every day!!! Just like
you are now!!! So, can you afford $6.00 and see if it really works?
I'm glad I did!!! People have said, "what if the plan is played out
and no one sends you the money?" So what!!! What are the chances of
that happening, when there are tons of new honest users and new honest
people who are joining the internet and news groups everyday and are
willing to give it a try? Estimates are at 20,000 to 50,000 new users,
every day!!!

REMEMBER PLAY HONESTLY AND FAIRLY AND THIS WILL REALLY WORK!!!

-- Comments/Feedback (please post your feedback/experiences here) --

Not bad for 1 hr's work....made me around $5320 in roughly 35 days
Anthony M - TX

Hello, I rcvd 269 bucks in the post in 2 weeks.
Dan Miami - FL

I had to wait around 10 days before I had any results - $13,450 as of
3rd Jan 2003 to date (14th Feb 2003).Am gonna re-post it again for
more money!!
Del from Alberta - Canada

Only received around  588 in the post the last 2 months since I
started the program but I'd posted to approx. 100 newsgroups.
James P - Manchester, UK

Cool....didn't expect much out of this "scam" initially but I have pay
my credit card bill
Mustafa - Jordan

For $6,I made $246 in 2 weeks
ROMEO2326 - Little Rock, AR -US of A

Hey, just droppin a line to say that after posting to well over 820
newsgroups on google and my ISP newsgroup server over a period of 4
1/2 months ,Ive raked in $54280 . Mucho dinero baby!!!! Peace 
Drew Dallas - TX

Re: How to get this space away?

[Brad Moore]

On 2015-06-08 02:25 PM, Jeffrey R. Carter wrote:
> On 06/08/2015 12:47 PM, Randy Brukardt wrote:
>>
>> declare
>>      A_Img : constant String := Byte'Image(IP.A);
>>      B_Img : constant String := Byte'Image(IP.B);
>>      C_Img : constant String := Byte'Image(IP.C);
>>      D_Img : constant String := Byte'Image(IP.D);
>> begin
>>      Put (A_Img(2..A_Img'Last) & '.' & B_Img(2..B_Img'Last) & '.' &
>> C_Img(2..C_Img'Last) & '.' & C_Img(2..C_Img'Last);
>> end;

The version I was thinking of was

       Put (Strings.Fixed.Trim (Source => Byte'Image (IP(1)),
                                Side => Strings.Left) & '.' &
            Strings.Fixed.Trim (Source => Byte'Image (IP(2)),
                                Side => Strings.Left) & '.' &
            Strings.Fixed.Trim (Source => Byte'Image (IP(3)),
                                Side => Strings.Left) & '.' &
            Strings.Fixed.Trim (Byte'Image (IP(4)),
                                Side => Strings.Left));

Which is not that different in terms of readability.
A difference is that Randy's version required 4 declarations, where
this version can be written as an expression without any declarations.
I agree that for an IP Address one would probably want to encapsulate
the code in a library function. But for more general cases, sometimes
you need to construct similar output on the fly, and it is awkward
to have to write a function every time you want to do that.

It would have been quite a bit nicer to be able to write:

       Put (Byte'Image (IP(1)) & '.' & Byte'Image (IP(2)) & '.' &
            Byte'Image (IP(3)) & '.' & Byte'Image (IP(4));

But then if one wants zero padding, perhaps extending Text_IO to add some sort of Text_IO control
would be helpful, as in;

       Put (Byte'Image (IP(1)) & '.' & Text_IO.Pad('0') & Text_IO.Width(3) &
            Byte'Image (IP(2)) & '.' & Byte'Image (IP(3)) & '.' & Byte'Image (IP(4));


>
> I think you have C_Img in there twice.
>
>> Now, if you prefer to have each part to take up three characters with
>> leading zeros except for the first (so they're all the same length) --
>> that'll take a bit more than a handful of lines in Ada. Ada's formatting is
>> primitive, except in the rarely thought of Annex F (does anyone use that?).
>
> Presuming that "except for the first" means that IP.A should take up the minimum
> number of characters, as above:
>
> declare
>     function Image is new PragmARC.Images.Modular_Image (Number => Byte);
> begin
>     Put (Image (IP.A)                                  & '.' &
>          Image (IP.B, Width => 3, Zero_Filled => True) & '.' &
>          Image (IP.C, Width => 3, Zero_Filled => True) & '.' &
>          Image (IP.D, Width => 3, Zero_Filled => True) );
> end;
>
> And if you want IP.A to be 3 characters, zero filled, that's easy, too.
>

Yes, one could write their own routing or use a third party library such as this,
but it strikes me that such a capability should be built into the language.

Maybe the best answer is to standardize such a routine. I'm thinking it could fit
nicely into Ada.Strings.Fixed.

Brad