Re: Dangerous truncation of object

Re: Dangerous truncation of object

[dog.ee.lbl.gov!hellgate.utah.edu!caen!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!cis.ohio-]

In article <1992Sep21.063607.10441@lth.se> dag@control.lth.se (Dag Bruck) write
s:

>	Employee* e1 = new Employee;
>	Employee* e2 = new Supervisor;
>
>A pointer or a reference to an Employee may in fact point to a
>Supervisor object, but because MonthlyPay() is declared as "virtual"
>the correct function will be invoked.  So far so good.
>
>The problem arises (most commonly) when we pass objects by value to
>functions.
>
>	void MakeCheck(Employee* e);	// ok
>	void MakeCheck(Employee e);	// dangerous
>
>If we pass a pointer or a reference as a function argument, the
>polymorphic behaviour is preserved.  If we pass the object by value,
>the object is truncated to its Employee part.

Maybe I'm about to display a ludicrous ignorance of object-oriented
programming, but I don't see the problem here.  If an "employee" can
be either of two objects, then all operations, in principle, are
polymorphic.  So, if the compiler has to select the correct "monthlypay"
operation, it also has to select the correct "passbyvalue" operation;
by the same reasoning and, presumably, with a similar implementation.

Re: Dangerous truncation of object

[eru.mt.luth.se!lunic!sunic!lth.se!newsuser]

In <comp.lang.ada> firth@sei.cmu.edu (Robert Firth) writes:
>In article <1992Sep21.063607.10441@lth.se> dag@control.lth.se (Dag Bruck) writ
es:
>
>>	Employee* e1 = new Employee;
>>	Employee* e2 = new Supervisor;
>>
>>The problem arises (most commonly) when we pass objects by value to
>>functions.
>>
>>	void MakeCheck(Employee* e);	// ok
>>	void MakeCheck(Employee e);	// dangerous
>>
>>If we pass a pointer or a reference as a function argument, the
>>polymorphic behaviour is preserved.  If we pass the object by value,
>>the object is truncated to its Employee part.
>
>Maybe I'm about to display a ludicrous ignorance of object-oriented
>programming, but I don't see the problem here.  If an "employee" can
>be either of two objects, then all operations, in principle, are
>polymorphic.  So, if the compiler has to select the correct "monthlypay"
>operation, it also has to select the correct "passbyvalue" operation;
>by the same reasoning and, presumably, with a similar implementation.

It is not an "employee" that is either of two things; a pointer or a
reference can either point to an "employee" or to any class derived
from "employee".  That is quite well defined, and polymorphism is
maintained.  The dangerous case is when we ask the compiler to
truncate the object itself.

Maybe I should point out that the behaviour is clear from the
definition of C++, but it is a pitfall because a small change in the
source code changes a program from pass-by-reference to pass-by-value.
It would be much safer if the designer of "supervisor" could specify
that truncation is illegal.


		-- Dag