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From: Ludovic Brenta <ludovic@ludovic-brenta.org>
Newsgroups: comp.lang.ada
Subject: Re: Conversion from floating point to signed 16 bits
Date: Tue, 19 May 2009 13:06:53 -0700 (PDT)
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Date: 2009-05-19T13:06:53-07:00
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On May 19, 8:51=A0pm, Olivier Scalbert <olivier.scalb...@algosyn.com>
wrote:
> Hello,
>
> My problem:
> I need to convert an "analogic" value which can vary from 0.0 to 1.0
> into a "discrete" value which is a signed 16 bits integer.
>
> My implementation:
> -----------------------------
> with Ada.Text_IO;
>
> procedure convert is
> =A0 =A0 =A0type Analog_Value is digits 10 range 0.0 .. 1.0;
> =A0 =A0 =A0type Signed_16 =A0 =A0is range -32768 .. 32767;
> =A0 =A0 =A0type Unsigned_16 =A0is range =A0 =A0 =A00 .. 65535;
>
> =A0 =A0 =A0function Cv(Value: Analog_Value) return Signed_16 is
> =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0U16: Unsigned_16;
> =A0 =A0 =A0begin
> =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0U16 :=3D Unsigned_16(65535.0 * Value);
> =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0return Signed_16(U16 - 32768);
> =A0 =A0 =A0end Cv;
>
> =A0 =A0 =A0procedure Put(S16: Signed_16) is
> =A0 =A0 =A0begin
> =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line(Signed_16'image(S16));
> =A0 =A0 =A0end put;
> begin
> =A0 =A0 Put(Cv(0.00)); -- Must be -32768
> =A0 =A0 Put(Cv(0.25)); -- Must be -16384
> =A0 =A0 Put(Cv(0.50)); -- Must be =A0 =A0 =A00
> =A0 =A0 Put(Cv(0.75)); -- Must be =A016383
> =A0 =A0 Put(Cv(1.00)); -- Must be =A032767
> end convert;
> -----------------------------
>
> My question:
> Is there an other way to do this in Ada (Representation ? Other parts of
> Ada I do not know ?)
>
> My thanks:
> Thank you very much !
> ;-)

Your requirements seem a bit strange to me.  Could you please explaun
why you need the integer to be signed?  Ada has direct support for
fixed-point types (RM 3.5.9).  They would work like this:

0.0            =3D> 2#0000_0000_0000_0000#
0.25           =3D> 2#0100_0000_0000_0000#
0.5            =3D> 2#1000_0000_0000_0000#
0.75           =3D> 2#1100_0000_0000_0000#
1.0-2.0**(-16) =3D> 2#1111_1111_1111_1111#

If you interpret the 16 bits as an unsigned integer, you get

    0
16384
32768
49152
65535

If you interpret these same 16 bits as a signed integer, due to two's
complement you get

 0
 16384
-32768
-16384
-1

Here is my program using this feature:

with Ada.Unchecked_Conversion;
with Interfaces;
with Ada.Text_IO;
procedure Conversion is
   type Analog_Value is delta 2.0 ** (-16) range 0.0 .. 1.0; -- fixed-
point
   for Analog_Value'Size use 16;

   function "+" is
      new Ada.Unchecked_Conversion (Source =3D> Analog_Value,
                                    Target =3D> Interfaces.Integer_16);

   procedure Put (S16 : in Interfaces.Integer_16) is
   begin
      Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line (Interfaces.Integer_16'Image (S16));
   end Put;

begin
   Put (+0.0);
   Put (+0.25);
   Put (+0.5);
   Put (+0.75);
   Put (+(1.0 - Analog_Value'Small));
end Conversion;

I am aware that my program does not address the exact requirement you
expressed but I'm curious to know what the high-level requirement is,
i.e. why you need the conversion in your example.

--
Ludovic Brenta.