In message , Terje Sletteb� writes >int i; > >stream >> i; > >Intialising "i" beforehand would just be vasteful. > Well yes, but any halfway competent programmer has a way to initialise a variable from a stream, in my case I use my own template that allows me to write: int i(read(stream)); and note that that allows me to initialise const qualified variables from an input stream. The special case is where we want to initialise an array from input though I do have a contortion to do that as well but only for user defined types written to provide that facility. -- ACCU Spring Conference 2003 April 2-5 The Conference you should not have missed ACCU Spring Conference 2004 Late April Francis Glassborow ACCU [ Send an empty e-mail to c++-help@netlab.cs.rpi.edu for info ] [ about comp.lang.c++.moderated. First time posters: do this! ]