From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.4 (2020-01-24) on polar.synack.me X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-1.9 required=5.0 tests=BAYES_00 autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no version=3.4.4 X-Google-Language: ENGLISH,ASCII-7-bit X-Google-Thread: 103376,39bc67821e9fdfe5 X-Google-Attributes: gid103376,public X-Google-ArrivalTime: 2001-11-12 18:19:22 PST Path: archiver1.google.com!news1.google.com!newsfeed.stanford.edu!canoe.uoregon.edu!arclight.uoregon.edu!wn4feed!worldnet.att.net!135.173.83.71!wnfilter1!worldnet-localpost!bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net.POSTED!not-for-mail From: "David Thompson" Newsgroups: comp.lang.ada References: <3u5C7.7$Ea4.477@read2.inet.fi> Subject: Re: Capitalization of language names (was: Newbie in ADA...) X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Newsreader: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2615.200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200 Message-ID: Date: Tue, 13 Nov 2001 02:19:21 GMT NNTP-Posting-Host: 12.89.171.190 X-Complaints-To: abuse@worldnet.att.net X-Trace: bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net 1005617961 12.89.171.190 (Tue, 13 Nov 2001 02:19:21 GMT) NNTP-Posting-Date: Tue, 13 Nov 2001 02:19:21 GMT Organization: AT&T Worldnet Xref: archiver1.google.com comp.lang.ada:16393 Date: 2001-11-13T02:19:21+00:00 List-Id: Anders Wirzenius wrote : > Jeffrey L. Susanj wrote in message ... > > >processing. So, all things computer would be in all caps. Question, did > >keypunches have mixed case or only upper? > > Some had, some had not. On some machines you could choose what you wanted. Keypunches? Certainly not the IBM line (024, 026, 029); they had only uppercase on Alpha shift with digits and most punctuation on Numeric shift, somewhat like 3-row (aka Baudot/5-level) Teletypes of the day (but not the same keyboard layout; Teletype put the digits across QWERTY, keypunch on the right-hand fingers M,.JKLUIO adding-machine style). There were card _codes_ for lowercase that could be punched out from and read into the computer (usually only with certain special programs though). But I never saw any keypunch that would punch them (except by manually multipunching). > Some had the text printed in lower cases in the upper edge of the card but > the holes was the ASCII (Ascii?) number of upper case letters. > 029s at least did optionally print along the upper edge, but always uppercase on all machines I know of. This was called "interpreting". I don't recall for sure if there was an option to leave out the interpreter entirely, but there probably was; there was definitely a switch to turn it off; and at most shops there were some machines at any time that had it temporarily broken. The card code was/is completely unrelated to ASCII. It was often called Hollerith, although I believe the code actually designed by Hollerith on early (precomputer) tabulating machinery was somewhat different (just as the code now commonly called Morse code is not that originally designed by Samuel Morse, who probably wasn't really the inventor of the telegraph anyway). The card code does translate simply to EBCDIC or its predecessor BCDIC, but is not identical to them; AFAICR in IBM manuals it was always just called "card code", but remember these are the same folks who religiously talked about "storage" not "memory". > (The content of the holes that were punched out was a popular surrogate for > rice at weddings.) > Which, like the round holes similarly punched from paper tape, are called "chad", until last year's Florida fiasco a nicely obscure piece of technical jargon. -- - David.Thompson 1 now at worldnet.att.net