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Path: utzoo!utgpu!news-server.csri.toronto.edu!rutgers!ucsd!ucbvax!GMUVAX.GMU.EDU!ecragg
From: ecragg@GMUVAX.GMU.EDU ("EDWARD CRAGG")
Newsgroups: comp.lang.ada
Subject: Ada digits / VAX Float Types (from INFO-VAX)
Message-ID: <9006041600.AA02791@ajpo.sei.cmu.edu>
Date: 4 Jun 90 16:00:00 GMT
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List-Id: <comp.lang.ada>

The following (edited) thread from INFO-VAX would appear to be of
interest to the INFO-ADA community. 
.............................................................................
Subj:	VAX Float Types in specific, Ada's DIGITS attribute in general

From:	EDU%"usc!trwind!mcosm!sroka@UCSD.EDU"      "Gabriel D. Sroka" 31-MAY-1990 06:00:45.56
From:	EDU%"F.Zwarts%KVI.nl@CUNYVM.CUNY.EDU"      "Fred Zwarts, KVI, Groningen, NL."  1-JUN-1990 13:24:45.62
From:   WINS%"kassover@ra.crd.ge.com"

Sroka > QUESTION:
Sroka > Why does the VAX Ada v2.0 LRM [3.5.7] say that D_FLOATs have 9 digits
Sroka > of precision (d.o.p.)?  I think they have 16 d.o.p.
Sroka >  
Sroka > DATA:
Sroka > Fig. 2-2 in the VAX Ada Run-Time Reference Manual (RTRM) indicates that
Sroka > D_FLOATs have 56-bit fractions.  Fig. 2-3 indicates that G_FLOATs have
Sroka > 53-bit fractions.
Sroka >  
Sroka > PREMISE:
Sroka > A float with an (N+3)-bit fraction should have as many as or more 
Sroka > digits of precision than another float with an N-bit fraction.  
Sroka > I think D_FLOATs have 16 d.o.p. ("one part in 2**55" as it says at 
Sroka > the top of 2-13.) I think G_FLOATs have 15 d.o.p. ("one part in 2**52"
Sroka > as it says on 2-14.)

Zwarts > Carefull read LRM [3.5.7] again. You will notice that in a
Zwarts > floating point declaration the DIGITS keyword does not only specify
Zwarts > the precision, but also the exponential range. 
Zwarts >  
Zwarts > "The specified number D is the minimal number of decimal digits
Zwarts > required ..." "The value of D in turn determines a corresponding
Zwarts > number B that is the minimum number of binary digits ..." "The model
Zwarts > numbers defined ... comprise zero and all numbers whose binary
Zwarts > canonical form has exactly B digits after the point in the mantissa
Zwarts > and an exponent in the range -4*B .. +4*B." 
Zwarts >  
Zwarts > Therefore a floating point type with more than 9 DIGITS cannot be
Zwarts > represented by a D_FLOAT type. 
Zwarts >  
Zwarts > The exponential range and the precision are very much out of balance
Zwarts > (for Ada) for a D_FLOAT type. For a G_FLOAT type this balance is much
Zwarts > better, therefore it can be used with a larger value of DIGITS. 
 
Kassover > I might add that if, for some reason, you have to import a
Kassover > routine written in a language other than Ada that must pass a
Kassover > long_float, make sure all such routines are compiled with a /G_FLOAT
Kassover > or other suitable qualifier. 
Kassover >  
Kassover > Otherwise, your Ada program will get the right number of bits,
Kassover > that may or may not represent a number that is reasonable for
Kassover > your calculation.
Kassover >  
Kassover > If such recompilation is not an option, you will have to find or
Kassover > build a conversion routine or two...