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From: Maciej Sobczak <see.my.homepage@gmail.com>
Newsgroups: comp.lang.ada
Subject: Elaboration circularity with generics
Date: Sat, 14 Jan 2012 07:09:18 -0800 (PST)
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Date: 2012-01-14T07:09:18-08:00
List-Id: <comp.lang.ada>

Consider:

--  p.ads:
package P is
   procedure Proc;
end P;

--  p.adb:
with P.Q;
package body P is
   package P_Int is new P.Q (T => Integer);

   procedure Proc is
   begin
      P_Int.Proc;
   end Proc;
end P;

--  p-q.ads:
generic
   type T is private;
package P.Q is
   procedure Proc;
end P.Q;

--  p-q.adb:
package body P.Q is
   procedure Proc is
   begin
      null;
   end Proc;
end P.Q;

--  test.adb:
with P;

procedure Test is
begin
   null;
end Test;

The idea is that P.Q is a child, helper unit for P and P.Q is used in
the body of P.
Ideally it should be a private child, but these cannot be generic
(why?).

Forget the Proc procedures, they do not contribute to the actual
problem, but where needed to have meaningful source units.
The problem above is:

$ gnatmake test
gcc -c test.adb
gcc -c p.adb
gcc -c p-q.adb
gnatbind -x test.ali
error: elaboration circularity detected
info:    "p (body)" must be elaborated before "p (body)"
info:       reason: implicit Elaborate_All in unit "p (body)"
info:       recompile "p (body)" with -gnatwl for full details
info:          "p (body)"
info:             must be elaborated along with its spec:
info:          "p (spec)"
info:             which is withed by:
info:          "p.q (spec)"
info:             which is withed by:
info:          "p (body)"

gnatmake: *** bind failed.

Why this circular dependency? It does not exist if P.Q is not generic.
My initial version of P.Q was a regular package and I have found this
problem after turning it into a generic package.

A simple workaround is to make P_Q instead of P.Q, but I would like
understand where the circularity comes from. The -gnatwl option says
that some Elaborate_All is introduced at the instantiation of P.Q, but
I see no reason for circularity there.

--
Maciej Sobczak * http://www.msobczak.com * http://www.inspirel.com