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From: "Stuart" <stuart@0.0>
Newsgroups: comp.lang.ada
References: 
 <83d19cd8-71ca-43c1-a3eb-05832290e565@r36g2000prf.googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: Restarting Tread: Why isn't this program working with
 Unchecked_Converstion
Date: Fri, 16 Jan 2009 12:18:34 -0000
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Date: 2009-01-16T12:18:34+00:00
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"ChristopherL" <clusardi2k@aol.com> wrote in message 
news:83d19cd8-71ca-43c1-a3eb-05832290e565@r36g2000prf.googlegroups.com...

> I'm restarting the tread [How to put 200 into an integer sub-type of
> 16 bits (code included)] with a new subject because the last was too
> long!

<snip problem with Unchecked_Conversion>

> I want to copy bits from an Ada float to a user defined short integer
> maintaining the same bit representation.

As said many times before this is a very unclear statement of what you are 
really trying to do and it is resulting in a lot of confusion.  You really 
need to read through the replies in your previous thread - especially as you 
have re-introduced the confusion of bits and values again.

<snip code>

I will have another guess at what you might be trying to do and provide a 
solution:

procedure ada_main is
   -- Things the OP says can't be changed:
   -- The definitions of Arg and Result2 can not chanage.
  subtype A_Float is Float;
  subtype Short_integer2 is Integer range -(2 ** 7)..((2 ** 7) - 1);

  Arg     : A_Float;
  Result2 : Short_integer2;

  -- Some things the OP has still not made clear:
  -- 1) What he is really trying to achieve.
  -- 2) Whether he wants to copy bits or values.
  -- 3) How he thinks values of Arg greater than 127.0
  --    ought to be represented in an integer type with
  --    a range -128..127
  -- 4) How rounding should take place (round up, round down,
  --    round nearest)

  -- Because of OP insistence that the the definitions cannot be changed
  -- and the fact Short_integer2 is based on integer which is implementation
  -- defined using Unchecked_Conversion here would be even more dubious
  -- than usual.

  -- Assuming he is expecting whole number values in Arg and
  -- wants a value in Result2 that is unique over the range
  -- 0.0 .. 200.0 and is easily relatable to the original
  -- value of Arg.

  -- Declare a sub-type capable of supporting all values of Arg and
  -- the computations we want to do:
   subtype S is Short_integer2'base range -256..200;
     -- REQUIREMENT:  The lower bound of S must be such that
     -- Short_integer2'first-Short_integer'last-1 <= S'first <=
     -- -(max(Arg) + 1)
     -- The upper bound must be such that
     -- S'last >= max(Arg)

     -- NB the lower bound is chosen to control the underlying
     -- representation when Arg > Short_integer2'last

     -- Assumes the base type of Short_integer2 will allow this;
     -- compiler will complain if not.

     -- If the base type does not support the range, a suitable
     -- new type to do the integer based calculations will be needed
     -- and some explicit type conversions will have to be made.

   -- I can't be bothered to think of a meaningful name for the subtype!!

   Int_Arg : S; -- Holds the integer value of Arg.

   V : Short_integer2;
   pragma volatile(V);
      -- Just to force demonstration code to do something external
begin

   Arg := 200.0;  -- OP chosen test case!

   Int_Arg := S(Arg);
      -- Convert to an integer value using Ada default rounding.

   -- Resolve cases where the value is outside the range of Short_integer2
   if (Int_Arg > Short_integer2'last) then
      Result2 := Int_Arg + S'first;
      -- Given the user specified constraints on Arg and the definition
      -- of Short_integer2 this will not exceed constraints.
   else
      Result2 := Int_Arg;
   end if;

   V := Result2;
end ada_main;

-- 
Stuart